Condition Basics
Bipolar disorder in children: Overview
Bipolar disorder is sometimes called manic depression. It is a mental health condition that causes extreme mood changes. Moods go from times of very high energy (manic episodes) to times of depression. These moods may cause problems with your child's schooling, family life, friendships, and ability to function.
There is no cure for bipolar disorder. But it can be helped with medicines. Counseling may also help. It is important for your child to take any medicines exactly as prescribed, even when they feel well. Your child may need lifelong treatment.
What causes it?
The cause of bipolar disorder isn't completely understood. There are likely many factors involved. It seems to run in families. Your child has a greater risk of having bipolar disorder if a close family member has it.
What are the symptoms?
Bipolar disorder causes cycles of mania and depression. Mania is a period of an extremely happy, irritable, or angry mood. Your child may need little sleep and talk very fast. During a depressive episode, your child may have a sad, low, or cranky mood. Your child may have low energy.
How is it diagnosed?
Doctors make the diagnosis by asking about health problems your child and family members have had. The doctor will ask about your child's feelings and behavior. Your child will also get a physical exam. And the doctor may ask questions to rule out conditions with similar symptoms, like disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD).
How is bipolar disorder treated?
Bipolar disorder can be managed. Treatment usually includes medicines (such as mood stabilizers) and counseling. Often a combination of both is needed. To help at home, see that your child gets exercise and has a regular sleep schedule. If your child shows dangerous behavior, they may need to go to the hospital.
