Overview
The following table lists the different types of birth control methods and how they work to help prevent pregnancy.
How birth control methods prevent pregnancy Method | How it prevents pregnancy |
Hormonal | - Prevents ovulation.
- Thickens mucus at the cervix so sperm can't pass through.
- Changes the environment of the uterus and fallopian tubes to prevent fertilization and to prevent implantation if fertilization occurs.
|
Intrauterine device (IUD) | - There are two types of IUDs (hormonal and copper). Both types may work by preventing:
- Fertilization of the egg.
- Implantation in the uterus.
|
Barrier methods | - Block sperm from reaching the egg.
- Some are used with spermicide, which kills sperm.
|
Fertility awareness (natural family planning) | - Identifies the time during a woman's cycle when she is most likely to become pregnant (fertile). An extra method or abstinence should be used during this time of fertility.
|
Permanent birth control (sterilization) | - Men: Vasectomy blocks the release of sperm.
- Women: Tubal ligation surgery or tubal implants block the movement of an egg through the fallopian tube and prevent fertilization.
|
Current as of: April 30, 2024
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